Wi-Fi HaLow is a relatively new wireless communication technology that was published in 2017 by the Wi-Fi Alliance. It is a low-power, long-range version of Wi-Fi that operates on the sub-Ghz frequency band. Unlike traditional Wi-Fi, which operates on the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, Wi-Fi HaLow is designed to provide greater range and penetrate obstacles better.

One of the key benefits of Wi-Fi HaLow is that it can provide reliable wireless connectivity over longer distances than traditional Wi-Fi. This makes it ideal for Internet of Things (IoT) devices, cameras, and other smart home applications that require low power, long-range connectivity. Wi-Fi HaLow also supports higher density networks, making it suitable for use in large buildings or public spaces.

In terms of performance, Wi-Fi HaLow can deliver data transfer speeds of up to 18 Mbps, which is slower than traditional Wi-Fi but still sufficient for many IoT applications. It also offers better power efficiency, which is critical for battery-powered devices that need to operate for extended periods without being recharged.

Another advantage of Wi-Fi HaLow is that it operates on a less congested frequency band than traditional Wi-Fi, which can help to reduce interference and improve overall network performance. It also uses advanced security features to protect against unauthorized access and ensure that data is transmitted securely.

Overall, Wi-Fi HaLow has the potential to play a significant role in the future of wireless communication, particularly in the area of IoT. With its low power consumption, long-range connectivity, and support for high-density networks, it is well-suited to a wide range of applications, from smart homes and wearables to industrial automation and agriculture.

Comparison of Wi-Fi HaLow with some of the other wireless IoT communication technologies:

• LoRaWAN: LoRaWAN is a low-power, long-range wireless communication protocol that is designed for IoT devices. It operates in the unlicensed frequency bands, allowing for low-cost deployment. LoRaWAN has a longer range than Wi-Fi HaLow and can transmit data over several kilometers. However, Wi-Fi HaLow provides faster data transfer rates and is better suited for high-bandwidth applications.
• Sigfox: Sigfox is a proprietary low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN) protocol that is designed for IoT devices. It operates in the unlicensed frequency bands, allowing for low-cost deployment. Sigfox has a longer range than Wi-Fi HaLow, but its data transfer rates are much slower. Wi-Fi HaLow provides faster data transfer rates and is better suited for high-bandwidth applications.
• Zigbee: Zigbee is a low-power wireless communication protocol that is designed for IoT devices. It operates in the unlicensed frequency bands, allowing for low-cost deployment. Wi-Fi HaLow has a longer range than ZigBee, and provides faster data transfer rates and is better suited for high-bandwidth applications.
• Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE): BLE is a low-power wireless communication protocol that is designed for IoT devices. It operates in the unlicensed frequency bands, allowing for low-cost deployment. Wi-Fi HaLow has a longer range than BLE, and provides faster data transfer rates and is better suited for high-bandwidth applications.
• NB-IoT: Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) is a low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN) protocol that is designed for IoT devices. It operates in licensed spectrum, which can make it more expensive to deploy. NB-IoT provides longer range than Wi-Fi HaLow, but Wi-Fi HaLow provides faster data transfer rates, Wi-Fi HaLow usage is free compared to NB-IoT that needs paid plan for each per devices, and is better suited for high-bandwidth applications.
• Wi-SUN: Wi-SUN is a wireless communication protocol that is designed for IoT devices and other smart utility applications. It operates in the unlicensed frequency bands, allowing for low-cost deployment. Wi-SUN provides longer range than Wi-Fi HaLow, but Wi-Fi HaLow provides faster data transfer rates and is better suited for high-bandwidth applications and can be used for a wider range of IoT applications.

Here are some ways in which Wi-Fi HaLow reduces the cost of ownership:

1. Lower Power Consumption: Wi-Fi HaLow devices are designed to be energy-efficient, which can help to reduce power consumption and save on energy costs over time. Additionally, the lower power consumption can prolong battery life, reducing the need for frequent battery replacements.
2. Longer Range: The longer range of Wi-Fi HaLow can help to reduce the number of access points required for a given area, which can help to reduce the upfront and ongoing costs associated with the network.
3. Easy Installation and Maintenance: Some Wi-Fi HaLow devices are designed with easy-to-install designs and remote management tools, which can help to reduce deployment costs and minimize ongoing maintenance requirements.
4. Reduced Hardware Costs: As Wi-Fi HaLow becomes more widely adopted, the cost of compatible devices may decrease, reducing the upfront costs associated with deploying the network.
5. Centralized Management: Using centralized management tools can help to simplify the administration of Wi-Fi HaLow devices, reducing ongoing management costs.